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这是反对奥巴马改革的文章。
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《北京科技报》编辑部从众多糟糕的产品中评选出10大最糟糕的产品,包括劣质数码相机以及手机卧底软件等。
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书评
法律
2008/03/28
| 阅读: 1325
“比利时法学家马克·范·胡克所出版的《法律的沟通之维》一书,在我看来,则是哈贝马斯法律商谈理论在法律哲学领域中的一种更为具体的运用。当然,范·胡克的法律理论也受到了法的自创生理论等论说的影响,进而以一种相当精妙的方式处理了法律和法律系统方面的一些棘手问题。但是,毋庸置疑的是,哈贝马斯在元理论层面对法律商谈理论的建构却是范·胡克理论的基础。”
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朱其最近发表了一系列批评中国当代艺术的文章。
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期刊专递
2011/02/24
| 阅读: 1325
本期提示:韩少功、张炜、李锐等--纪念史铁生小辑 2010年12月31日凌晨三点,作家史铁生因突发脑溢血逝世。2011年1月2日,《天涯》杂志发出公告,倡议1月6日晚8点在全国各地同时举行“铁生之夜”追思活动,随即得到近二十个省市作家、网友的响应。
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中国人时兴读翻译成中文的外国文学只有一百多年的历史。然而,对于中国社会来说,翻译文学的出现,却是由封闭走向开放重要的文化象征。可以说,一开始它就担负着对国民思想启蒙的时代重任。被称作“中国翻译第一人”的林纾先生曾自称为“叫旦之鸡”,明确地把译 中国人时兴读翻译成中文的外国文学只有一百多年的历史。然而,对于中国社会来说,翻译文学的出现,却是由封闭走向开放重要的文化象征。可以说,一开始它就担负着对国民思想启蒙的时代重任。被称作“中国翻译第一人”的林纾先生曾自称为“叫旦之鸡”,明确地把译介西方进步文学作为呼唤国民觉醒的手段。尤其是五四运动时期,几乎所有重要的作家都动手来做文学翻译。从鲁迅、茅盾、巴金、郭沫若到冰心、胡适、郑振铎、周作人等等。但在他们手里,翻译并不是一种职业,而是一种精神事业。他们一只手为社会为思想而写作,另一只手则用翻译从西方把那些民主的、人道主义的、富于批判精神的文学名著当作先进的思想武器搬进中国。尤其是苏俄的革命文学,成了那个时代苦苦寻找中国出路的青年一代的精神指南。我曾见过徐迟先生在1945年在重庆翻译出版的一本英国人莫德写的托尔斯泰的传记。那时抗战正紧,纸张奇缺,人力财力匮乏,他译的这本书厚达五百页,很难出版。但他坚持将前边的一百多页先印出来,取名叫做《青年托尔斯泰》。这本薄薄的书纸张又黑又糙,有的书页油墨洇透到背面,字迹很难辨认。但徐迟执意说他这样做,是为了探索一颗“深邃而伟大的灵魂”。这是那个时代的需要。那时的文学翻译有着明确的目标乃至信仰,即为国民的精神而工作。 草婴先生曾对我说,“文革”结束后上海一位出版界的领导找他谈话,要他担任译文出版社的总编辑,但被他拒绝了。因为他刚刚经历了那黑暗又残忍的十年,知道国民精神中缺失什么。他决心要把充满人性力量和人道主义精神的托尔斯泰的作品全部翻译出来,以影响国人。 为了精神而翻译——这是我国翻译文学的一个优良的传统。 这个传统同样表现在80年代对西方一些哲学、社会学名著的译介上。这些译作对当时的思想解放与社会开放起了巨大推动作用。可是到了今天,当图书出版被彻底市场化、书籍成了物化的商品之后,我们还会像当年传递火种那样选择作品来翻译吗? 我国的翻译文学还有另一个传统就是对经典性的追求。 由于翻译文学崛起时正处于新文学运动高潮中,又多经作家们的手笔,作家们还有明确的“信、达、雅”(严复)的标准追求,使得翻译文学一开始就有了很高的文学质量。而那时,知识界正在提倡白话文运动。一方面使得翻译语言有着非常广阔的天地;另一方面,通过这些充满思想魅力的外来的文学,反过来给白话文运动以极大的推动。 中国的近代是翻译文学的黄金时代。前不久,我在天津大学北洋美术馆里举办一个俄罗斯文学在中国的版本展,上千版本排开一看,大翻译家们竟如满天星斗。在近百年中国文学的大地上,翻译文学好比长江大河。想想看,倘若没有翻译文学,近现代中国文学会是什么样子?一个可贵的情况是,往往一个翻译家专门翻译一个或两个外国作家的作品。他们倾尽一生之力,从作品的文本到作家的文本,从研究到翻译——这样的译本一定会得其“神”的。记得上世纪80年代百废俱兴那个时代,一家出版社要重新出版俄罗斯作家契诃夫的小说,由于一些枝节问题与公认契诃夫小说最好的翻译家汝龙先生谈不拢,便想另起炉灶,换别人来译,遂从契诃夫小说中选取《套中人》和《小公务员之死》两篇,约请几位俄文译者同时来译,以从中选优。待译好一看,皆与汝龙的译本差之千里。仿佛这两篇不是契诃夫写的了。契诃夫那种天性的灵透、温情、深挚与那种淡淡的感伤,好像只在汝龙的字里行间里。无奈,还得回过头来找汝龙先生。 许多外国作家在中国都是幸运地有这样一位天才的翻译家,因而才有了千千万万读者。在好的译本中,翻译家与外国作家是“同一个人”,不仅语言和语感,连生命气质也系系相通。他们就像那些外国作家的“化身”。比如托尔斯泰和草婴、果戈理和满涛、巴尔扎克与罗曼·罗兰和傅雷、雨果和李丹、莎士比亚和朱生豪、泰戈尔和冰心、马克·吐温和张友松、塞万提斯和杨绛等等;屠格涅夫的“化身”多一点,有巴金、萧珊、丰子恺、丽尼等。这些译本既是人类的财富也是中国文学的财富。它们早已是中国文学的一部分了。读世界文学的经典是必须要挑选版本的,就像听古典音乐,要挑选乐队和演奏家。 然而在当今市场乱糟糟的炒作中,这种传统被忽视了。这些年除去韩少功精译的米兰·昆德拉的《生命不能承受之轻》外,很少再有作家涉足翻译。大概由于当代作家的外语都较差,再有便是翻译的职业化。翻译一旦职业化和工具化,图书市场的畅销与营利的至上便主导一切。一本在国外乍热起来的畅销书或刚刚爆出媒体的诺奖作品,马上就成为出版社疯抢的香饽饽。一旦抢到手,随即腰斩几段分给几位译者,争分夺秒译出来,再请一位高手飞速地“顺”上两遍,马上出版上市。这种及时“打造”出来的翻译作品一定畅销,也一定在质量上大打折扣。因此,已经很长时间读不到关于好译本的书评了。译本的优劣似乎已不重要。比如在对戴聪译的巴别克的《骑兵军》好评如潮中,没有一篇赞美译笔的诗境与语言精致的质感。这也是当前文化粗鄙化的表现之一。 商业文化的特征是不要经典。或者说商业文化多追求物质的精致,但很少追求精神的精致。那么对精神精致与深邃的追求落到谁的肩上了呢?比方翻译文学,谁来继承百年翻译史的两个优秀的传统——即为了精神的传统与追求经典的传统。
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每次突发事件演变成群体事件,通常是由这样一些人群参与: 当事人或家属;经济利益共同体;政治利益共同体;情绪共同体。
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新自由全球化市场极端主义的垮台给亚洲提供了一个难得的机遇,为自己和世界其他地方建立比较公平的经济关系。美国作为两边都靠大洋的国家,必须对待亚太国家作为平等的亚太经济共同体的成员,在新的世界经济秩序中,这个秩序让经济民族主义变得不需要。
中国作为亚太区域未来最大的经济体,应该在这个新的世界经济秩序中发挥关键的作用。为了做到这一点,中国必须眼光放得远一点,不要局限于加入正在走向衰落的全球出口市场经济,提供一个国内发展的模式,对外贸易被重新放回经济中本来的地位上,而不是现在全部以消费为唯一考虑。中国朝这个方向前进的第一步就是摆脱美元霸权,通过发放主权信贷项目推动国内发展。
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很久以前读鲁迅的书信,知道了瑞典考古学家斯文赫定的名字。大约是1927年,斯文赫定与刘半农商定,拟提名鲁迅为诺贝尔奖的候选人。刘半农曾让台静农捎信于鲁迅,却被拒绝了。这一件事在后来被广泛议论过,还引起过不少的争论。不过我那时感兴趣的却是,斯文赫定是何许人也?他是怎样进入中国文人的视野,并闯进了民国文人的生活?
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全球化的时代环境和单极性的世界权力结构之中的“中国崛起”,必将为21世纪的国际关系研究带来挥之不去的“中国经验”和“中国视角”。
21世纪国际关系研究中最重要、最热门的话题除了“美国研究”之外,恐怕要数“中国研究”了。 “中国研究”在国际学术界目前已经跨越了单纯区域研究或者国别研究的小圈子,正在全面地影响比较政治研究、外交史研究、战略研究、安全研究、国际政治经济 研究以及国际关系理论研究等研究领域,成为了可能修正、发展甚至颠覆以往国际关系理论研究成果的重要课题之一。全球国际关系学术界的“中国热”,不仅聚焦 在中国的国际行为以及影响中国的国际行为的各种变量分析,同时也聚焦在世界与中国的互动进程和应该具有的互动模式本身究竟将如何维持或改变世界秩序与人类 的未来。毫无疑问,全球化的时代环境和单极性的世界权力结构之中的“中国崛起”,必将为21世纪的国际关系研究带来挥之不去的“中国经验”和“中国视 角”。
“普林斯顿争议”
今年1月以来,围绕着“中国崛起”与中国外交政策的走向,美国学界出现了两篇不同的文章。一篇 是美国普林斯顿大学伍德罗·威尔逊公共政策与国际事务学院资深教授阿隆·弗里伯格(Aaron Friedberg)的文章,认为中国外交所出现的“咄咄逼人”的态势是中国力量成长的必然结果。他断言今后的中国必将继续这种政策态势并不断地进行对外 扩张和权力争夺,因此中美冲突难以避免。另一篇则来自弗里伯格教授的同事柯庆生(Thomas Christensen)教授在美国《国际论坛报》上发表的文章,认为中国在涉及主权和领土完整问题上的对外政策历来都是强硬的,相反,他认为,如果国际 社会认定中国必须承担更多的大国责任,就需要欢迎一个不仅自信甚至有点“咄咄逼人”的中国屹立于国际舞台。因为他认为,不“咄咄逼人”的中国是不会在国际 事务中勇于承担各种责任的。
这两位教授不仅都是现实主义国关理论学派的重要掌门人,而且都曾在小布什政府任职,有过非常重要的与外交政策相关的实际工作经历。但为什么二人对中国的观察和结论却如此不同呢?
阿隆·弗里伯格教授是一个传统的以欧洲经验和美国经验为实证研究来源的国际关系学者。他所使用 的解释中国外交和“中国崛起”的方法,也都是基于欧洲经验和美国经验的理论方法。在他的解释系统中,价值和政治制度上不同于欧美国家的中国,随着自身实力 与权势的扩大,必然将追求自身权力持续扩大,并不惜挑战和排挤美国的权威和地位。正如他自己所发表的评价美国的中国外交与军事研究的作品一样,弗里伯格教 授在中国研究学者中是一个典型的“悲观的现实主义者”。而柯庆生教授的最大不同,则是他作为著名“中国通”所拥有的“中国经验”。虽然柯庆生教授对中国外 交实践也有众多美国式的批评,但他本人所具有的“中国经验”的深刻认知,使他成为了一名中国问题上“乐观的现实主义者”。
事实上,“中国崛起”背后的“普林斯顿争议”不仅仅限于这两位学者。另一位伍德罗·威尔逊公共 政策与国际事务学院的知名教授约翰·艾肯伯里(G. John Ikenberry)虽然是一位自由主义学派的代表性学者,尊奉“胜利自由”的美国需要依赖对自由国际秩序的维持和推崇,需要以国际制度下的多边合作来保 障美国的霸权基业,但面对“中国崛起”,他同样关心的是究竟应该如何避免“误判中国”,并坚信美国作为自由国际秩序的创建者和维护者,即便中国变得强大也 无法动摇自由国际秩序并实质性地威胁到美国利益。艾肯伯里坚信,中国可以选择合作,也可以选择对抗;但只要美国能够保持自由国际秩序,就能保证绝大多数国 家的“公共福利”,中国就没有机会颠覆美国的地位,美国就仍将是全球公共产品最大的提供者和保障者。艾肯伯里指出,判断中国的标准不是简单地看中国实行什 么样的对美政策,而需要立足于观察中国对自由国际秩序的立场和态度。
普林斯顿大学伍德罗·威尔逊公共政策与国际事务学院前院长安-玛丽·斯罗德(Ann-Mary Slaughter)教授则是另一类型的自由主义学者。她坚信自由主义的观念、价值和国际规范正前所未有地在国家与国家之间、人民与人民之间塑造共同的标 准和价值,创造并形成了各国关系中强大的社会性联系。造成对国家外交和防务政策具有决定性影响的不再是简单的实力,而是全球网络联系的社会结构中对社会性 资源的占有度,例如价值、开放程度和规范的适用度。从这个角度来说,斯罗德更倾向于认为,美国外交必须强调调动和发展各种社会性资源。“中国崛起”如果只 是传统实力意义上的GDP增长或者军事力量发展,则不能构成对美国的实质性冲击。
立足“中国经验” 发展“中国视角”
今天,“中国崛起”已不再单纯是中国人自己的事业,而是在世界的几乎每一个角落都可以开始感觉到的现象,更是世界社会科学研究的共有财富。随着“中国崛起”的延续,我们观察和思考当代国际关系作为人类社会生活一部分的知识体系必将随之更新和发展。
首先,从“普林斯顿争论”中,我们可以学习到的,不是简单的观点争锋,更应该是科学方法论的创新和发展,是庞大的人才库的积累以及严谨规范的学术研究体系的创立和完善。中国的外交与国际关系研究亟待创新科研体制、自由科研环境和累积科学人才。
其次,“中国崛起”正在成为国际学术界研究热点之际,中国学术界自身的创新研究已经成为了时不 我待的紧迫任务。其中,科技进步、市场经济的全球化以及国家间竞争的“新疆域”是我们需要格外注意的领域。为此,我们不能跟在西方17—20世纪的历史进 程和欧美经验中简单地重复“权力更替”或者“均势重建”这样的理论窠臼。我们更不能在中国落后时代所积攒的“历史悲情”中难以自拔。中国的外交和国际关系 创新研究,必须首先“面向现实、面向未来”。
再次,中国的国际关系学术界要有响当当的国家和民族责任感,继承先贤们的传统,“为天地立心、为 生民立命”。美国的国际关系理论不分现实主义、自由主义还是建构主义,其原始目的都是为了美国的繁荣、自由和强大。中国的国际关系理论研究,立足于“中国 经验”、发展“中国视角”,同样必须探索和寻找中国在21世纪可持续繁荣、自由和强大的路径。在当今国际背景下,这一历史使命的完成比英国崛起时的确立 “西方文明中心主义”和“炮舰政治理论”,比美国崛起时“让美国的价值根植于美国的立国传统和美国人民的信仰”,可能都更为艰巨;但也可能比英美的崛起历 史更少些血腥而更多些智慧、眼光和从容。
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在独立前的英属北美殖民地时期,北美奴隶主人口的地区分布存在巨大差异。总体而言,北部殖民地奴隶主人口比例和蓄奴规模较小;而在南部殖民地,奴隶主人口比例和蓄奴规模较大。奴隶主人口分布的地区差异是北美殖民地社会经济发展的结果,它的存在又具有重大的社会意义:既意味着南北地区社会结构差异,又对南北地区社会的未来发展具有决定性影响。
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本文通过考察有关史料和天文学发展史,对明清之际耶稣会士在中国传播西方天文学的历史作用重新进行评价。
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今年12月1-4日的巴塞尔迈阿密海滩艺博会又卖出了一批货。作者Blake Gopnik,虽然欧美各国经济都有问题,但根据artiprice.com统计,今年上半年全世界艺术品销售额达到58亿美元,比去年增长34%
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在当代中国的法治话语中,习惯的地位仍然不高。
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选举期间的台湾,已经没有社会事实可言。意即,社会上对于任何公共事务,没有可以彼此沟通的事实基础。是不是只有选举期间如此呢?还是离开选举之后,仍然有可能在某种共享的事实认知上,进行互动合作?
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The Nursery of GeniusA brief survey of ten magazines of influenceBy Nicholas Sabloff“A magazine,” Thomas Paine said, “is the nursery of genius.” Upon moving to America, Paine became a contributor and editor at the Pennsylvania Magazine. Not long after, he published Common Sense, the pamphlet that defined the American Revolution.Generations of young writers and thinkers have been drawn to what is an elusive project: to create a magazine that makes an indelible mark on the course of politics, art, literature, and history. Such idealists have persevered in the face of the debt, disillusionment, meager circulation, and general indifference from which all but a few of these publications inevitably perish.What follows are brief sketches of a certain variety of little magazine, “little” (with the exception of the American Mercury) by virtue of their circulation. They are not zines or self-published pamphlets or policy journals, all of which may also be entitled to a claim of littleness. The magazines here are united in their commitment to forwarding the causes of literature, high art, and politics; they are best remembered for helping to establish canonical writers and for their contributions to the intellectual culture of their day. The spirit of such magazines was perhaps best captured by Lionel Trilling in the 1950s when he wrote, “They are snickered at and snubbed, sometimes deservedly, and no one would venture to say in a precise way just what effect they have . . . except that they keep a countercurrent moving which perhaps no one will be fully aware of until it ceases to move.” The Dial, Boston1840-1844 Often considered the progenitor of the “little” magazine in America, the Dial was founded by “Transcendental Club” members Margaret Fuller and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Like many little magazines, the Dial was conceived out of frustration with the other journals of its day. Emerson used the second issue to call for a native literature that represented American culture. To this end, the magazine published obscure writers and poets, most of whom remained that way. The most notable exception was its most popular contributor, Henry David Thoreau. The Transcendentalists’ interest in Eastern religions and philosophy brought the magazine more mockery than readers (“ethereal” was a common complaint): it never had more than 300 subscribers and Emerson came away from the project $300 the poorer. The magazine’s influence, however, has lived on. Resurrected countless times, in the 1920s the Dial became the premier Modernist magazine in the U.S. (it brought T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land” to American readers) and gave birth to a publishing house, the Dial Press, that carries on to this day. Poetry, Chicago1912-Present The flourishing of Modernism in the first decades of the twentieth century coincided with a renaissance in American literary magazines. Harriet Monroe’s showcase for American poetry was at the center of this efflorescence. Poetry published T.S. Eliot’s groundbreaking “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” in 1915. The poem had been passed along to Monroe by the magazine’s foreign correspondent, Ezra Pound. Poetry’s early years featured Pound’s promotion of imagism and, following the publication of Carl Sandburg’s “Chicago,” passionate defenses of free verse. It published early work by Marianne Moore, Hart Crane, Wallace Stevens, and Edna St. Vincent Millay. The initial pay rate: a generous $10 a page. The amount the magazine received in a bequest from pharmaceutical heiress Ruth Lilly in 2003: $100 million.The Masses, New York1911-1917 The Masses advocated for progressive causes such as socialism, pacifism, vegetarianism, and birth control, and published such progressives as Helen Keller, Jane Addams, and Bertrand Russell. The furious satires penned by its cartoonist, Art Young—he pilloried everything from the press to Jesus, and depicted capitalism as an overstuffed bald eagle—brought the magazine its share of controversy and notoriety. Edited by Columbia professor Max Eastman, the Masses was radical enough to print the intrepid American journalist and revolutionary socialist John Reed and antiwar enough to run afoul of the Espionage Act in 1917, resulting in a series of trials that led to the magazine’s demise. After folding in 1917, Eastman and his colleagues returned a year later with theLiberator. Many of these same editors, though not Eastman, regrouped in 1926 to launch the more overtly Marxist New Masses.The Criterion,London1922-1939T.S. Eliot edited Modernism’s most famous magazine at night after coming home from his job at Lloyds Bank. The Criterion’s editorial office was his house. From these modest origins sprung a debut issue containing “The Waste Land” and a magazine that, in its first year, received contributions from Luigi Pirandello, Virginia Woolf, Ezra Pound, E.M. Forster, and W.B. Yeats. In his effort to convey a European consciousness unlike that found in other magazines of the time, Eliot’s Criterion became the first periodical to publish Proust in English. Eliot spent the following years trying to establish such writers as W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender, and Wyndham Lewis, while simultaneously expounding his defense of classicism, tradition, and Catholicism. The magazine never reached more than 800 subscribers and Eliot somewhat dispiritedly ended the Criterion in 1939.The American Mercury, New York1924-1980H.L. Mencken conceived the American Mercury as a magazine capable of taking in the whole absurd carnival of the American scene during the Jazz Age. Irreverent, learned, iconoclastic, and satirical, the magazine became indistinguishable from Mencken himself. It furiously lampooned his favorite targets— creationists, Prohibition, the “booboisie”—in the pungent style of its editor. The premier literary tastemaker of his time, Mencken published fiction by William Faulkner, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Thomas Wolfe, and Sherwood Anderson alongside articles written by convicts, clergyman, lawyers, dishwashers, and outdoorsmen. At its peak, in 1928, the American Mercuryhad 84,000 subscribers. The magazine lost momentum after 1929 when Mencken’s satirical edge, defense of laissez-faire economics, and disdain for the proletariat put him out of step with the culture of the Depression era. The man Walter Lippmann once referred to as “the most powerful influence on this whole generation of educated people” left the magazine in 1933.Partisan Review,New York1934-2003It has been said of Partisan Review that despite rarely having more than ten thousand subscribers, it had the right ten thousand subscribers. When people get nostalgic for the golden days of the “public intellectual” in America, Partisan Review is never far from their minds. Though it began under the auspices of the arts branch of the American Communist Party, the magazine’s founding editors, William Phillips and Philip Rahv, soon parted ways with the party’s embrace of Stalinism. Staunchly anti-Stalinist and a defender of high art,Partisan Review was a magazine in which Rahv’s critiques of Marxism were followed by Eliot’s “Four Quartets.” The flagship publication of the New York Intellectuals, Partisan Review published Lionel Trilling, Irving Howe, Dwight Macdonald, Hannah Arendt, Mary McCarthy, and such classic essays as Clement Greenberg’s “Avant-Garde and Kitsch” and Susan Sontag’s “Notes on Camp.” The number of little magazines—Macdonald’s Politics, Howe’s Dissent—started by its former contributors over the years, often following an intellectual falling-out, testifies to its influence.Les Temps Modernes, Paris1945-PresentJean-Paul Sartre launched Les Temps Modernes one year after the liberation of France and at the height of his fame as a novelist, playwright, literary critic, and philosopher. It was truly a magazine of the moment and quickly became the leading exponent of Existentialism. (It, too, peaked at ten thousand subscribers.) The magazine published such titans of postwar experimental literature as Samuel Beckett, Jean Genet, Raymond Queneau, and Marguerite Duras, as well as Sartre’s monumental literary manifesto, “What Is Writing?” The magazine’s name, taken from the Charlie Chaplin filmModern Times, reflected Sartre’s belief that engagement with the present moment was man’s duty. Sartre also believed in the pen’s ability to ignite political change, and in its first decade,Les Temps Modernes condemned capitalism and colonialism, and demanded that France depart from Indochina and Algeria. By the early 1950s, Sartre’s Soviet sympathies had caused all the original editors but Simone de Beauvoir to depart, and it was on the pages of Les Temps Modernes, in one of the defining moments of 1950s intellectual life, that Sartre and Albert Camus’s friendship ended as the two quarreled bitterly in print over Stalinism.The Paris Review,Paris/New York1953-PresentThe Paris Review, which began life in hopes of recapturing the literary spirit of 1920s Paris, wanted to serve its writers, and George Plimpton, its charismatic co-founder and editor, was not bashful about engaging in a little showmanship to ensure that their voices would be heard. While never as fervently countercultural as Barnet Rosset’s more European-orientedEvergreen Review, in its early years the Paris Review helped to launch Terry Southern, Philip Roth, and Jack Kerouac, and was the first to publish Samuel Beckett in America. Its “Art of Fiction” interviews have become an institution unto themselves. Forever hovering around ten thousand subscribers, the magazine is still going strong despite Plimpton’s death in 2003 and despite the belief of one of its founding editors, Peter Matthiessen, that “little magazines should have short lives and then disappear.”The Baffler, Chicago1988-presentFounded by Thomas Frank, the Baffler modeled itself after Mencken’s American Mercury, and like his idol, Frank loved to cause mischief by exposing the absurdities and delusions of the “booboisie.” Unlike most little magazines, the Baffler was built around an explicit thesis: that American business culture had co-opted the very idea of dissent by making it a commodity. The magazine spent the 1990s ridiculing one instance after another—from the Gen-X rebel consumers at Details to the peddling of “alternative” culture—in which subversion and rebellion were marketed as lifestyle choices and the counterculture was used only to reinforce the logic of late-twentieth-century capitalism. Despite only publishing seventeen issues to date, the magazine has two anthologies of essays to its name. These days, Frank can be found on the punditry circuit, having brought his critique of the culture wars into the mainstream with his 2004 book What’s the Matter with Kansas?n+1, New York2004-Present Over the course of only five issues n+1 has laid claim to being the most important new little magazine to emerge from post-9/11 America. Although its small circulation pales in comparison to such coevals as the Believer and McSweeney’s,n+1 has caused an impressive amount of commotion by responding polemically to the present era. Beyond liberal politics, the editors’ other great passion is the defense of the literary novel: the magazine openly declares itself a descendent of the high seriousness and sense of tradition of Partisan Review. Yet the magazine’s self-conscious tone and its ability to shift casually from discussions of European theory to dissections of pop culture are unmistakably contemporary. In recent issues, the magazine has begun focusing its breezy editorials on exploring the effects that such cultural phenomena as dating, casual sex, porn, and the omnipresence of cell phones and email have had on contemporary consciousness and the experience of everyday life.http://archives.jrn.columbia.edu/nyrm/2007/sabloff_well.html
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文学
科技
2008/11/01
| 阅读: 1331
前些日子,大作家蒋子龙和网络较上劲儿。先是被纳入“30省作协主席网络PK”,紧接着又退出大赛。为这事儿,蒋子龙曾有些恼火:“文学怎么打擂?”但是现在,他愿意心平气和地谈谈网络文学,谈谈他的新作《农民帝国》。因为这本书是他多年心愿的一次了结。
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文学
人文
2008/11/30
| 阅读: 1331
德国小说家与法国社会学家就新自由主义把政治倒退成功地变成社会进步的标准,以及就启蒙运动在欧盟中这两大文化的命运交流意见。
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自上世纪70年代以来,在世界性普遍的“去政治化”背景下文本解构、“文化政治”诉求成为理论思考的核心,相对而言从总体上把握世界的结构并给出原理性的阐释,被视为“宏大叙事”遭到了抛弃。这是否也是造成当今普遍缺乏理论想像力和抵抗运动一蹶不振的原因之一呢?在此,柄谷的《跨越性批判》和奈格里、哈特的《帝国》《普众》一样,具有重新刺激起人们理论想像力的作用。
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可变利益实体能帮助外资进入互联网和广告这样的禁忌领域。它使公司的经营许可另行由中国公民掌控--通常是创立人或相关创办者。这个主要由外资支持的公司拥有使用和控制经营许可的契约性权利,并可提出收入要求,但无法拥有全部的所有权。
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